Darwin & Cooperation

The quotation (with underlines added):

There can be no doubt that a tribe containing many members who...
were always ready to give aid to each other and sacrifice themselves
for the common good, would be victorious over most other tribes,
and this would be natural selection.                     ~Charles Darwin

Since Darwin actually wrote this, why is it assumed that he believed
the opposite—that takers would win in the long run? 

Communication

To some, communication is transmitting. To others it is receiving. Communication is not only transmitting and not only receiving. It is a two-way shared process of sending and receiving words, moods, thoughts, expressions, etc.—whatever a medium can carry.

Denial: When helpful & not helpful

Denial of truth implies approval of mistaken thinking, which is not helpful.
Denial of mistaken thinking implies approval of truth, which is helpful.

When truth is "known" and insight shows it wrong, the "truth" was based on mistaken thinking.
Mistaken thinking is due to an error. Errors manifest as mistaken behavior.

Some say there are many truths, and that one might be truer than another. This implies one most true, which means ultimate truth exists, truer than all "beneath" it. But a "most true" implies that lesser truths are at least partially false. Partially false can exist—can partially true also exist? I think not. Ultimate truth is absolute—no conditions exist that undermine it with the falsity of mistaken thinking—it's just true.

This is the kind of truth referred to in the first two sentences above.

Willpower

The Will has so much power, it has a name: willpower. An individual may will a harmful habit, then decide to reduce the harm. Changing habit requires a strong willpower. Since it is the same individual, the willpower was always there, but not used!

This suggests that the Will and its power may originate elsewhere, since everyone has it. Strong purpose leads to a strong will. Weak purpose means a weak will. It is used by each individual  according to their feeling of purpose.

It takes willpower to stick to a goal. Unfortunately, Will may be so strong that negative results are neither perceived or accepted. (Narrow perceptions mean narrow purpose.)

Will often just acts—if it "feels" right, results may be accepted as right when fundamentally wrong. In the weakness of addiction, for example, the will gives power to the addiction. Please note that the source of power—either maintaining the addiction or deciding on less harmful behavior—is the Will. It is very hard to decide to modify or change any habit, much less addiction—it takes a willpower stronger than the force of habit..

"Willpower" and "force of habit" are really the same thing. Which is supported? What does the Will want? Will chooses, willpower acts.

Developing proof

When thinking things out, the mind wants proof. Proof is developed from its opposite—being able to see the error nurtures the ability to see the truth. Below is the procedure that develops proof from error.

The mistake of generalizing, (your path is the same as everyone's) sometimes applies solutions irrelevant to the problem, encouraging Superstitious thinking. To correct this, try to see true relationships.

Seeing true relationships means that a problem needs to be ENCODEd correctly.

Personalizing means that everyone else's path is the same as yours. Because everyone has a different experience, this is not true. Thinking that everyone is the same leads to Naive thinking.

To prefer meaning avoids naive thinking. INFER.relevance by preferring meaning.

False constructs build convincing cases that should be viewed with suspicion. Building on false constructs leads to Esoteric (Exclusive) thinking, where special (though limited) knowledge claims to know THE answer.

Building structure depends on true MAPping.

Making invalid connections—with bad comparisons, wrong connections, and invalid contexts to possible results encourage Reactive thinking. To react accurately, APPLY validation.

Reasoning emotionally, giving false credit, and outright denial all have the effect of giving false credit to elements with little relationship to resolving the concern. Thinking a certain way is called Categorical thinking. To avoid categorical thinking, PROVE: Give credit where credit is due.

Blind acceptance of a recommendation or principle, jumping to a (wrong) conclusion, and prejudice all are the same: Emotional thinking. Emotional thinking causes a jump to conclusions that may have nothing to do with reality. The goal remains resolve, or SOLVE the situation, or problem. Choosing the correct result assumes that one Chooses wisely.

Summarizing the proof process:

Encode: See relationship.

Infer: Prefer meaning.

Map: Build structure.

Apply: Validate.

Prove: Give credit

Solve: Choose wisely.

For detail on how to open the door to a review of a habit, got to www.spiritwill.info

Resolving concerns

The concerns listed below are numbered to agree with the organization of the www.spiritwill.info web site for the Labyrinth of the Spirit. If the concern is not the same, use the listed concern with the closest name or similar in subject. Each one has an effective procedure.

The Labrynth of the Spirit
1. Insight
2. Extension
3. Objective
4. Resource
5. Knowledge
6. Purpose
7. Relationship
8. Communication
9. Involvement
10. Means
11. Method
12. Verify
13. Perfomance
14. Leadership
15. Importance
16. Opportunity
17. Solution
18. Revelation

In your browser, enter www.spiritwill.info
It shows how a creature of habit uses Willpower to reach its objectives. If the objective proves unsatisfactory, it suggests ways to change it.